The course’s primary concern is to reveal the characteristics of different historical states of languages. It also provides students with knowledge about language changes and how historical and comparative methods are applied to analyze its process and result. Basic principles in this genetic linguistics such as internal and external change and reconstruction are discussed

Before you join to this course, read the syllabus first.

Introduction : a. The nature of Linguistic relationships b. The scope of Comparative and Historical Linguistics c. Philology and Field work d. Attitudes to language change

Meeting III: Classification of language and types of sound changes: a.genetic classification of language b. Language family c. loss and addition of phonemes d. assimilation e. exercises

Meeting IV Sound changes

Meeting V Sound Changes

Meeting VI Expressing Sound Change